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Differentiation, Cognition, and Social Evolution

Syracuse University

Pauline E. Ginsberg

Syracuse University

Equivocal findings regarding the relationship between psychological differentiation and requirements for complex social functioning are traced to Witkin and Berry's (1975; Berry, 1976, 1979a, 1979b, 1980a, 1980b) commitment to a trait-based notion of psychological differentiation. An alternative evolutionary approach is proposed which suggests the possibility of more domain-specific cognitive functioning. The authors review the pertinent literature and reinterpret prior findings from the perspective that global and articulated cognitive styles will vary as a function of the nature of environmental demands in the domain of interest and of the explicitness of knowledge regarding such demands available to the actors. Such an interpretation provides a better fit to the empirical data currently available. Hypotheses derived from the alternative model are also presented.

Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, Vol. 12, No. 4, 445-459 (1981)
DOI: 10.1177/0022022181124004


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