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Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology
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Imposed-Etic and Emic Measures of Intelligence as Predictors of Early School Performance of Rural Philippine Children

A. Timothy Church

Washington State University

Marcia S. Katigbak

Washington State University

Emic and imposed-etic strategies were applied to the assessment of intelligence in rural Philippine children. Emic (culture-specific) measures assessed children's "intelligence" as conceptualized by rural adults. We concluded that Western-type (imposed-etic) tests measure a concept of intelligence that only partially overlaps emic conceptions. The imposed-etic measures were better than the emic measures as predictors of school performance, which could be viewed as an imposed-etic criterion. Most indigenous (emic) competencies showed no relationship to school performance. Thus what is "intelligent" in everyday barrio functioning ("everyday intelligence') is distinct from "academic intelligence."

Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, Vol. 19, No. 2, 164-177 (1988)
DOI: 10.1177/0022022188192003
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