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The Influence of Individualism Collectivism, Self-Monitoring, and Predicted-Outcome Value on Communication in Ingroup and Outgroup Relationships

California State University, Fullerton

Ge Gao

San Jose State University

Karen L. Schmidt

Chandler Community College

Tsukasa Nishida

Nihon University

Michael H. Bond

Chinese University of Hong Kong

Kwok Leung

Chinese University of Hong Kong

Georgette Wang

National Chengchi University

Robert A. Barraclough

University of New Mexico

This study examined the influence of individualism-collectivism on communication in ingroup and outgroup relationships. Differences were predicted in ingroup and outgroup communication in collectivistic cultures. It was also hypothesized that self-monitoring and predicted-outcome value (POV) of the relationships also affect communication processes in these relationships. Data were collected in Hong Kong and Japan (collectivistic) and in Australia and the United States (individualistic). Results supported the prediction regarding the influence of cultural variability on ingroup and outgroup communication, as well as those regarding the influence of self-monitoring and POV.

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