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Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology
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Adolescent Self-Esteem in Cross-Cultural Perspective

Testing Measurement Equivalence and a Mediation Model

Susan P. Farruggia

University of California, Irvine, sfarrugg{at}uci.edu

Chuansheng Chen

University of California, Irvine, cschen{at}uci.edu

Ellen Greenberger

University of California, Irvine, egreenbe{at}uci.edu

Julia Dmitrieva

University of California, Irvine, jdmitrie{at}uci.edu

Petr Macek

Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic

Theorists and researchers have raised the question of whether self-esteem has similar meanings and correlates in individualistic and collectivist cultures. This study examined the cross-cultural equivalence of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale in four countries and compared its association with parental warmth and acceptance and depressed mood. Participants were 11th graders in the United States (n = 422), the Czech Republic (n = 490), China (n = 502), and Korea (n = 497). Cross-cultural similarities in the factor structure of the self-esteem scale and in the relations of self-esteem to other variables were more striking than cross-cultural differences. Across cultures, parental warmth was significantly related to both positive and negative self-image, each of which in turn was related significantly to depressive symptomatology. There was little evidence for the hypothesis that self-esteem would more strongly mediate the relation between parental warmth and adolescent depressive symptoms in the more individualistic(as opposed to collectivist) cultures.

Key Words: self-esteem • cross-cultural • measurement equivalence • depressed mood • parental warmth

Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, Vol. 35, No. 6, 719-733 (2004)
DOI: 10.1177/0022022104270114
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Home page
 The Journal of Early AdolescenceHome page
M. L. Michaels, A. Barr, M. W. Roosa, and G. P. Knight
Self-Esteem: Assessing Measurement Equivalence in a Multiethnic Sample of Youth
The Journal of Early Adolescence, August 1, 2007; 27(3): 269 - 295.
[Abstract] [PDF]