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Development and Validation of an Internationally Reliable Short-Form of the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS)

Ritsumeikan University

This article reports the development and validation of a 10-item international Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) Short Form (I-PANAS-SF) in English. A qualitative study (N = 18) and then an exploratory quantitative study (N = 407), each using informants from a range of cultural backgrounds, were used to identify systematically which 10 of the original 20 PANAS items to retain or remove. A same-sample retest study (N = 163) was used in an initial examination of the new 10-item international PANAS's psychometric properties and to assess its correlation with the full, 20-item, original PANAS. In a series of further validation studies (N = 1,789), the cross-sample stability, internal reliability, temporal stability, cross-cultural factorial invariance, and convergent and criterion-related validities of the I-PANAS-SF were examined and found to be psychometrically acceptable.

Key Words: positive affect • negative affect • PANAS • international • cross-cultural • psychometric • scale development • scale validation

Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, Vol. 38, No. 2, 227-242 (2007)
DOI: 10.1177/0022022106297301


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