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Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology
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Two Decades of Change in Cultural Values and Economic Development in Eight East Asian and Pacific Island Nations

Michael W. Allen

University of Sydney, Australia

Sik Hung Ng

City University of Hong Kong, China, ssngsh{at}cityu.edu.hk

Ken'Ichi Ikeda

University of Tokyo, Japan

Jayum A. Jawan

Universiti Putra Malaysia

Anwarul Hasan Sufi

University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh

Marc Wilson

Victoria University, New Zealand

Kuo-Shu Yang

Fo Guang College of Humanities and Social Sciences, Taiwan

In a 1982 publication, Ng et al. surveyed the cultural values of select East Asian and Pacific Island nations. In 2002, this study repeated their work, using the same sampling frame, questionnaire, and collaborators, where possible. The authors also reclassified the 1982 and 2002 survey results using Schwartz's cultural-level value dimensions. Submission versus Dionysian values that differentiated the nations in 1982 continued to do so in 2002. Furthermore, nations that endorsed Mastery (and rejected Harmony) in 1982 experienced greater subsequent economic growth than did the other countries. Moreover, economic development in 1982 predicted ensuing changes in Submission versus Dionysian and Hierarchy versus Egalitarianism values. Richer nations tended to endorse Dionysian, Autonomy, and Egalitarianism, whereas poorer nations tended toward Submission, Embeddedness, and Hierarchy values. Overall, the results support both economic and cultural determinism and imply two opposing directions of cultural change.

Key Words: economic development • cultural values • cultural change • cross-cultural study

Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, Vol. 38, No. 3, 247-269 (2007)
DOI: 10.1177/0022022107300273
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