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Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology
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Locus of Control among Hungarian Children

Sex, Age, School Achievement, and Teachers' Ratings of Developmental Congruence

Maria Rupp

Eotvos Loraind University, Budapest

Stephen Nowicki

Emory University

To test the generality of the results of the children's form of the Nowicki-Strickland Internal-External control scale, it was given to 469 Hungarian children ranging in age from 10 to 14. Internal-external scores of Hungarian children did not differ significantly from those obtained in the American sample. Higher school achievement as measured by general grade point average (GPA) and by specific grades in mathematics, Hungarian language, and literature courses was positively related to an internal locus of control orientation for all children. Finally, higher students' rated level of developmental congruence was significantly related to an internal orientation, but only for females. Results from this two-culture contrast support the conclusion that the relation between locus of control and achievement behaviors are comparable across cultures.

Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, Vol. 9, No. 3, 359-366 (1978)
DOI: 10.1177/002202217893008
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